Increasing the efficiency of Glomus mosseae and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria in chickpea by plant residue management

Soleimani, Reza

doi:10.22034/jelsa.2024.464770.1078

Increasing the efficiency of Glomus mosseae and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria in chickpea by plant residue management

Document Type : Original research article

Author

Reza Soleimani

Soil and Water Research Department, Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ilam, Iran

10.22034/jelsa.2024.464770.1078

Abstract

Nowadays, managing the production of crops under rainfed conditions for achieving maximum growth potential and yield of plants for food supply is an undeniable necessity. Under rainfed condition, one of important variability in plant physiology is increase of ethylene biosynthesis up to stress ethylene that reduces plant growth. Stress ethylene cause to decline in vegetative period and decrease of yield. Mycorrhiza and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria decline the destructive effects of water deficit stress under rainfed condition. In order to determine the effectiveness of residue conservation and application of Glomus mosseae and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria in reducing the effects of water deficit stress in rainfed conditions, this study was conducted as split plots in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications from 2017 for two cropping years. The main plots include three different residue conservation treatments including residue removal, half residue conservation and total residue conservation and sub-plots at four levels including 1- control (no use of Glomus mosseae and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria), 2- application of Glomus mosseae 3- inoculation of ACC-deaminase producing bacteria (preparation of Bacillus simplex UT1 inoculation with 107 CFU ml-1 population or colony unit formed in ml and method of seed coating application 4- concomitant use of Glomus mosseae and ACC-deaminase-producing bacteria. Quantitative traits of chickpea such as grain and biological yield, 100-seed weight and number of seeds per square meter and quality traits as relative leaf water content (RWC), concentration and total uptake of potassium and zinc as two important elements in water relations were measured in plants. Data were analyzed by SAS v.9.2 software and the means were compared by LSD test. The results showed by keeping half of the residues, 1224 kg/ha of seeds of chickpea was obtained, which showed an increase of 7.81% compared to the control. The yield of chickpea seeds in the treatment of without Glomus mosseae and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria was 1097 kg ha^-1, while the highest yield of chickpea in the treatment of Glomus mosseae and ACC-producing bacteria at the amount of 1294 kg ha^-1, which was a statistically significant increase of 17.9% compared to the control. Under residue preservation condition, even the application of ACC-deaminase-producing bacteria alone and the application of Glomus mosseae alone showed an increase of 10.3% and 13.1%, respectively, compared to the control. In general, the combined application of Glomus mosseae and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria increased yield, yield components and improved nutrient concentration compared to the control treatment. Based on the results of this study, in treatments of residue preservation, the use of Glomus mosseae is recommended, especially in combination with inoculation of ACC-deaminase producing bacteria in order to stabilize the production of chickpeas.

Highlights

The half plant residues improved mycorrhiza and bacteria inoculation efficiency
Deletion of plant residues reduced microbial inoculation efficiency
Plant residue favored nutrient enrichment in plant tissue
The maintenance of half of plant residues is recommended.

Keywords

Biofertilizer

Residue management

Yield

Nutrient elements

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